A STUDY ON CLINICAL PROFILE, RISK FACTORS AND MORTALITY IN HYPERTENSIVE INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN SURAT CITY

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage remains a serious disease despite attempts at improving outcome by medical and neurosurgical treatment. This prompted us to conduct a study on the clinical presentation, risk factors and to assess the prognosis and mortality in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methodology: The present study was conducted on the 50 cases of ICH coming to the tertiary care centre of Surat. The clinical profile and risk factors of the enrolled cases were studied. The outcome (30 day mortality) of ICH patients were noted by follow-up or telephonic interview.

Results: Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage was most common in males, constituting 80% of the cases. The age range of the cases varied from 35 to 74 years of age. Maximum numbers of cases were in the age group between 44-74 years. A strong diurnal tendency for occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage was noted with 94% of cases presenting during morning and early afternoon hours. Altered sensorium followed by weakness of limb/limbs constituted the most frequent presenting symptoms. History of smoking was present among 48% of cases. 34% of the cases had a history of alcohol consumption. 60% of the cases had history of tobacco chewing.

Conclusion: It was concluded that the most common presentation of cases of hypertensive ICH was altered sensorium (60%). Diurnal variation in the occurrence of hypertensive ICH was present with 94% of the cases during either morning hours or early afternoon hours. Alcohol abuse and tobacco abuse was significantly associated with 30 days mortality.