Epidemiology of Craniofacial Anomalies: A Retrospective Analysis at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Southern India

Archi Rai; Lahari U; Abhipsha Tikayat Ray; Sneha Deepak Mallya; Adarsh Kudva; Saniya Shetty; Leslie Edward S Lewis

doi:10.55489/njmr.150320251122

Authors

Archi Rai Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Lahari U Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6913-0702
Abhipsha Tikayat Ray Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Meenakshi Amma Dental College and Hospital, MAHER University, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Sneha Deepak Mallya Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Adarsh Kudva Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Saniya Shetty Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Leslie Edward S Lewis Department of Paediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55489/njmr.150320251122

Keywords:

Craniofacial Anomalies, Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, Microcephaly

Abstract

Craniofacial anomalies are congenital malformations that impact essential functions like breathing, feeding, and speech, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This retrospective study analyzed 54 cases of craniofacial anomalies in neonates at a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India, from 2022 to 2023. Data was extracted from electronic medical records and entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0. Most cases were from rural areas (92.6%) and predominantly male (68.5%), with 60.4% being first-born children. The notable percentage of CFAs among male, firstborn children from rural areas underscores the need for enhanced prenatal diagnostics and early intervention in underserved communities. Further research into region-specific genetic and environmental factors may provide valuable insights for reducing the incidence of CFAs.

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