Clinical Manifestations of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis and Its Effects on School Attendance and Access to Medical Care in School Children of Western Uttar Pradesh

Mitali Yadav; Neelima Mehrotra; Shipra Tripathi; Paras Arora

doi:10.55489/njmr.140420241003

Authors

Mitali Yadav Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India
Neelima Mehrotra Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India
Shipra Tripathi Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India
Paras Arora Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55489/njmr.140420241003

Keywords:

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis, VKC, Ocular Condition, School Children, Itching, Tearing, School Attendance

Abstract

Introduction: Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic ocular condition affecting school-age children, particularly in hot, allergen-rich regions. It presents with symptoms such as intense itching, tearing, foreign body sensation, and sticky discharge, causing discomfort and management challenges in resource-limited settings. VKC impacts public health significantly due to its high prevalence and effect on academic performance and school attendance.

Method: This cross-sectional study included 1521 school children aged 6 to 16 years in Western Uttar Pradesh. Comprehensive eye examinations were conducted, and VKC was diagnosed based on conjunctival and limbal papillae. A structured questionnaire collected data on socio-demographic factors, medical care access, and VKC's impact on daily life and school attendance. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were used for analysis.

Result: Of the participants, 242 (15.9%) had VKC, with a higher prevalence among boys (56.2%). Most cases were mild (66%), with 34% severe. Symptoms included itching, stinging, tearing, photophobia, and discharge. Severe VKC resulted in higher rates of constant eye rubbing and tear production. School absenteeism was significantly higher in severe cases (78%) compared to mild cases (47%) (P<0.001). Severe VKC also led to more frequent medical consultations (52% vs. 22%, P=0.01).

Conclusion: VKC significantly affects school attendance and medical care utilization among children in Western Uttar Pradesh. Improved management practices, better access to medical care, and enhanced support systems are essential for affected children and families.

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