Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Patients with Vaginal Birth After Caesarean Delivery Comparison to and Elective Caesarean Section with Previous One LSCS

Poonam Kalburgi; Sanjaykumar Patil

doi:10.55489/njmr.14012024991

Authors

Poonam Kalburgi United Institute of Medical Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
Sanjaykumar Patil United Institute of Medical Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55489/njmr.14012024991

Keywords:

VABC, LSCS, APGAR, Elective caesarean, Vaginal birth

Abstract

Introduction: Noteworthy improvements in maternal morbidity and mortality have been made possible by Caesarean section. However, vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is linked with better outcome in certain regards. The present study was aimed to study the maternal and fetal outcome in patients with VBAC and elective caesarean section with previous one LSCS.

Methodology: Women with history of previous LSCS were divided in to two groups: Group 1- Women delivered by VBAD in the current pregnancy, and Group 2 - Women delivered by elective LSCS in the current pregnancy. Maternal and foetal outcome were assessed after delivery.

Results: Total 90 women in each group were included in the study. The duration of active stage of labour was significantly higher in LSCS group compared VBAC group (p<0.05). Blood Transfusion and Premature rupture of membrane were not associated with any of the two groups. (p>0.05). The mean APGAR score at 1 min and 5 min were significantly better in VBAC group compared to in LSCS group (p<0.01). Mean stay of hospitalization was significantly higher in LSCS group (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Better Bisho’s score has significantly more chances of successful VBAC. VBAC has better APGAR score at 1 min and at 5 min compared to LSCS group. Birth weight is not affected by the type of delivery after first caesarian delivery.

References

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Birth after previous caesarean section. Green-Top Guideline No. 45. London: RCOG; 2007.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Vaginal Birth after Previous Cesarean Delivery. Washington, DC: ACOG, 2010.

MacDorman M, Declercq E, Menacker F. Recent trends and patterns in cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) deliveries in the United States. Clin Perinatol 2011;38:179-92. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clp.2011.03.007 PMid:21645788

Homer CS, Johnston R, Foureur MJ. Birth after caesarean section: changes over a nine-year period in one Australian state. Midwifery 2011;27:165-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2009.04.009 PMid:19773099

Lancet Editorial. Caesarean section on the rise. Lancet 2000; 356:1697. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03196-2

Caesarean sections now account for a QUARTER of all births. 2012 [www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2244021/Caesarean-sectionsaccount-QUARTER-births-older-mothers-reason-why.html]. Accessed 24 April 2013.

Spong CY. To VBAC or not to VBAC. PLoS Med 2012;9:e1001191. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001191 PMid:22427748 PMCid:PMC3302811

Cox KJ. Providers' perspectives on the vaginal birth after cesarean guidelines in Florida, United States: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2011;11:72. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-11-72 PMid:21992871 PMCid:PMC3203084

Lydon-Rochelle MT, Cahill AG, Spong CY. Birth after previous cesarean delivery: short-term maternal outcomes. Semin Peri-natol 2010;34:249-57. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2010.03.004 PMid:20654775

Gilbert SA, Grobman WA, Landon MB, Spong CY, Rouse DJ, Leveno KJ, et al. Elective repeat cesarean delivery compared with spontaneous trial of labor after a prior cesarean delivery: a propensity score analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012;206:311e1-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2012.02.002 PMid:22464069 PMCid:PMC3337034

Landon MB, Hauth JC, Leveno KJ, Spong CY, Leindecker S, Varner MW, et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with a trial of labor after prior cesarean delivery. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2581-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa040405 PMid:15598960

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) ACOG Practice Bulletin: vaginal birth after previous cesarean delivery: Clinical management guidelines. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2004;54:197-204.

Williams Obstetrics. Prior Cesarean Delivery, Chapter 26. 22. McGraw-Hills; 2007.

Ugwumadu A. Does the maxim "once a caesarean, always a caesarean" still hold true? PLoS Med. 2005;2(9):e3053. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020305 PMid:16173837 PMCid:PMC1236800

Bangal VB, Giri PA, Shinde KK, Gavhane SP. Vaginal birth after cesarean section. North American journal of medical sciences. 2013 Feb;5(2):140. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.107537 PMid:23641377 PMCid:PMC3624716

Melamed N, Hadar E, Keidar L, Peled Y, Timing of planned re-peat cesarean delivery after two or more previous cesarean sections--risk for unplanned cesarean delivery and pregnancy outcome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014;27(5):431-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.818130 PMid:23795868

Black M, Bhattacharya S, Philip S, Norman JE, McLernon DJ., Planned Repeat Cesarean Section at Term and Adverse Child-hood Health Outcomes: A Record-Linkage study. PLoS Med. 2016;13(3): e1001973. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001973 PMid:26978456 PMCid:PMC4792387

Mascarello KC, Matijasevich A, Barros AJ, Santos IS, Zan-donade E, Silveira MF., Repeat cesarean section in subsequent gestation of women from a birth cohort in Brazil. Reproductive Health 2017: 14(1):102. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0356-8 PMid:28841832 PMCid:PMC5572067

Balachandran L, Vaswani PR, Mogotlane R. Pregnancy out-come in women with previous one cesarean section. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2014;8(2):99. Doi: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/7774.4019 PMid:24701494 PMCid:PMC3972611

Pont S, Austin K, Ibiebele I, Torvaldsen S, Patterson J, Ford J. Blood transfusion following intended vaginal birth after cesarean vs elective repeat cesarean section in women with a prior primary cesarean: A population‐based record linkage study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2019;98:382-389. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13504 PMid:30431154

OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health, Version. www.OpenEpi.com, updated 2013/04/06, ac-cessed on Dec 12, 2023.

Mafatlal SJ, Narendrabhai MM. Analysis of mode of delivery in women with previous one caesarean section. J ObstetGynecol India. 2009;59(2):136-9.

Smith GC, White IR, Pell JP, Dobbie R. Predicting cesarean section and uterine rupture among women attempting vaginal birth after prior cesarean section. PLoS Med. 2005;2:e252. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020252 PMid:16146414 PMCid:PMC1201366

Coassolo KM, Stamilio DM, Paré E, Peipert JF, Stevens E, Nelson DB, et al. Safety and efficacy of vaginal birth after cesarean attempts at or beyond 40 weeks of gestation. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106:700-6. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000179389.82986.50 PMid:16199624

Abdelazim IA, Elbiaa AA, Al-Kadi M, Yehia AH, Nusair BM, Faza MA. Maternal and obstetrical factors associated with a success-ful trial of vaginal birth after cesarean section. J Turk GerGynecol Assoc.2014;15:245-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5152/jtgga.2014.14104 PMid:25584035 PMCid:PMC4285215

Sakiyeva KZ, Abdelazim IA, Farghali M, Zhumagulova SS, Dossimbetova MB, Sarsenbaev MS, Zhurabekova G, Shikanova S. Outcome of the vaginal birth after cesarean section during the second birth order in West Kazakhstan. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2018 Nov;7(6):1542. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_293_18 PMid:30613556 PMCid:PMC6293889

Bangal VB, Gavhane S, Yadav V, Aher K, Bhavsar D. Vaginal birth after caesarean section: why and how?. Int J ReprodCon-traceptObstetGynecol 2017;6:5554-8. Doi: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175280

Raja JF, Bangash KT, Mahmud G. VBAC scoring: Successful vaginal delivery in previous one caesarean section in induced labour. J Pak Med Assoc. 2013;63:1147-51.

Durnwald C, Mercer B. Vaginal birth after cesarean delivery: Predicting success, risks of failure. J MaternFetal Neonatal Med. 2004;15:388-93. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767050410001724290 PMid:15280110

Mehrabadi A, Hutcheon JA, Lee L, Liston RM, Joseph KS. Trends in postpartum hemorrhage from 2000 to 2009: a population‐based study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2012;12:108. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-12-108 PMid:23057683 PMCid:PMC3534600

Patterson JA, Roberts CL, Bowen JR, et al. Blood transfusion during pregnancy, birth, and the postnatal period. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123(1):126‐133. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000000054 PMid:24463672

Jakobsson M, Gissler M, Tapper A‐M. Risk factors for blood transfusion at delivery in Finland. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013;92(4):414‐420. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.2012.01490.x PMid:22708585

Belihu FB, Small R, Davey MA. Trial of labour and vaginal birth after previous caesarean section: A population-based study of Eastern African immigrants in Victoria, Australia. Midwifery. 2017;46:8-16. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2017.01.001 PMid:28104545

Minsart AF, Liu H, Moffett S, Chen C, Ji N. Vaginal birth after caesarean delivery in Chinese women and Western immigrants in Shanghai. J ObstetGynaecol. 2017;37:446-9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2016.1251405 PMid:28029269

Seffah JD, Adu-Bonsaffoh K. Vaginal birth after a previous caesarean section: Current trends and outlook in Ghana. J West AfrColl Surg. 2014;4:1-25.

Mu Y, Li X, Zhu J, Liu Z, Li M, Deng K, et al. Prior caesarean section and likelihood of vaginal birth, 2012-2016, China. Bull World Health Organ. 2018;96:548-57. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.17.206433 PMid:30104795 PMCid:PMC6083396

Torigoe I, Shorten B, Yoshida S, Shorten A. Trends in birth choices after caesarean section in Japan: A national survey examining information and access to vaginal birth after caesarean. Midwifery. 2016;37:49-56. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.04.001 PMid:27217237